What Is Sleep Apnea?
Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts throughout the night. These interruptions can last several seconds or longer and may occur dozens or even hundreds of times during a single night, often without the person being aware of it.
There are two primary types:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
The most common form. It occurs when the muscles in the throat relax during sleep, causing the soft tissue at the back of the throat to collapse and block the airway. OSA is frequently linked to ENT-related conditions such as enlarged tonsils, a deviated septum, or chronic nasal congestion.
Central Sleep Apnea
Less common, this type occurs when the brain fails to send proper signals to the muscles that control breathing. It is often associated with underlying neurological or cardiovascular conditions.
When left untreated, sleep apnea places significant strain on the cardiovascular system, raises blood pressure, and increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and metabolic disorders. It also affects mental clarity, mood, and the ability to function safely during the day.